【虚拟机】(202308) hyperv中的kali虚拟机双网卡设置

场景

hyperv创建虚拟机的时候，默认用的是default switch，这个default switch生成的ipv4地址是变化的

需求

有一个不变的ipv4地址，方便ssh远程连接

同时还可以连接外网

操作

虚拟机新加网络适配器

在hyperv中添加一块内部网卡，取名为kali

在kali的虚拟机中添加一个网络适配器，使用刚刚创建的kali

主机网卡配置

default switch不做任何更改，使用默认配置，如下：

新建的内部网卡，配置为自定义的东西

虚拟机网卡配置

配置前：

┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:15:5d:38:01:18 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.20.18.191/20 brd 172.20.31.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute eth0
       valid_lft 66803sec preferred_lft 66803sec
    inet6 fe80::ab0d:697e:3a89:841/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:15:5d:38:01:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet6 fe80::dab4:f432:f0bf:3a14/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

修改网卡配置，添加eth1相关配置，并重启网络组件

┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─# cat /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.20.202
netmask 255.255.255.0

┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─# service networking restart

可以看到eth1下面已经有了ip地址

┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:15:5d:38:01:18 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.20.18.191/20 brd 172.20.31.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute eth0
       valid_lft 66549sec preferred_lft 66549sec
    inet6 fe80::ab0d:697e:3a89:841/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:15:5d:38:01:1a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.20.202/24 brd 192.168.20.255 scope global eth1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

看下路由表，此时默认路由是从eth0网卡走的
ping 百度也是可以ping通的 说明网络没有问题

┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         172.20.16.1     0.0.0.0         UG    101    0        0 eth0
172.20.16.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.240.0   U     101    0        0 eth0
192.168.20.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth1

┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (39.156.66.14) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 39.156.66.14 (39.156.66.14): icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=6.01 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.14 (39.156.66.14): icmp_seq=2 ttl=51 time=5.59 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.14 (39.156.66.14): icmp_seq=3 ttl=51 time=5.67 ms
^C64 bytes from 39.156.66.14: icmp_seq=4 ttl=51 time=5.72 ms

--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3082ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 5.588/5.744/6.006/0.157 ms

┌──(root㉿kali)-[~]
└─#

重启虚拟机后，添加的静态网卡ip地址是不变的，同样可以根据这个ip地址进行远程连接，就不需要每次都换ip了~

问题说明

如果路由表里面有两条默认路由，此时ping百度ping不通
可以通过修改网卡配置，删除gateway相关内容， 并重启网络来解决

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.20.1    0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth1
0.0.0.0         172.20.16.1     0.0.0.0         UG    101    0        0 eth0
172.20.16.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.240.0   U     101    0        0 eth0
192.168.20.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth1



┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (39.156.66.18) 56(84) bytes of data.
From 192.168.20.202 (192.168.20.202) icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.20.202 (192.168.20.202) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.20.202 (192.168.20.202) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 6153ms
pipe 4

┌──(kali㉿kali)-[~]
└─$